There are a lot of things to consider before buying a Rig. In addition to Cost, Space, what you’re comfortable driving, how many people, and where will they sit or sleep, you need to consider your lifestyle. Do you plan on exclusively staying at RV Parks and Campgrounds, Boondock or Stealth Camp? Do you need a Full Size Shower, Outdoor Shower, or just a Gym Club Membership? What about the size of the Kitchen, Refrigerator, and Closet Space? How tall are you? (Surprisingly important) Will you do your own Build, pay someone else to do it, or buy an existing RV? Open Space Design? Windows? Privacy? Are you going to park for extended periods or will you travel constantly? Will you stick to the highway or do the back roads excite you? These, and many more questions will come up as you discuss, search, and decide what type of vehicle to get.
Some people just like (or need) a lot of space. There's nothing wrong with that. Class-A RVs are fine, and Full Size Skoolie Conversions are one of our favorites! When you're looking at a house or an apartment, you want the biggest Living Room, Bath, and Kitchen you can get. -This does not apply to the Full Time Nomad lifestyle. In fact, the most common mistake people make when they start designing a Build is to think, “My God, I can't possibly fit everything in here!!”. -Yes... You can... The secret is to re-think you're needs. Start thinking small, and start thinking multi-use furniture and spaces. You've no doubt been watching Bus and Van tour videos and getting ideas, and we're not going to lie. You will be giving up certain comforts in the name of saving some space, but you will also find that you don't need all that space to be comfortable.
From The Driver’s Seat: It’s worth mentioning that a lot of people want to start with the biggest bus they can find, but have no real experience driving a vehicle of that size. We’ve met a number of folks who spent tens of thousands on a Bus Build, only to find out that driving a such a behemoth in traffic (or even on the open road) was an incredible source of stress. - If you have never driven a large vehicle we highly recommend that you go rent the biggest U-Haul you can find and practice driving it around for a day First. If it gives you anxiety or stresses you out, a full size bus may not be for you… There’s no shame in that, but it’s best to be realistic from the start.
*A quick note about Van, RV, and Bus Tour Videos: Don't let the big price tag scare you away. We've started joking about how many of them look like an episode of “MTV-Cribs”. You don't need to spend thousands on new appliances, or use imported teak-wood from Malaysia. You can actually do a full build on the cheap, without the latest gadgetry or curtains made from the tears of angels... We'll do a full blog on this later.
We're going to compare RVs, Buses, Vans, and few options you may not have considered, including some pros and cons of each. Additionally we'll provide some cost estimates, as well as how many people can comfortably live in the space.
***Looking for Build Space Dimensions? - They are included in our Designing Your Build Blog.
To Build or Not To Build?: If you are unsure if this life is for you, buying an existing (used) RV, Camp Trailer, or Truck Camper is the cheapest and fastest way to get out there and find out. Likewise, if you're just dying to hit the road, or don't have the time, money, or ability to do a Full Build, This is the quickest path to Freedom. There is a very strong argument for buying what you can afford (or what presents the least financial risk) and looking into modifications (or replacement) once you've adapted to the lifestyle.
Buying an existing RV:
The prices of new or used RVs run the gamut from a few thousand (or less) to well into six-figures. It's worth doing a little shopping and walking through some units on a sales lot to get an idea of what will work for you and what won't. Here are some of the key differences in the types of RVs out there:
A Class-A RV will give you the most space and usually includes all (or most) the factory extras. If you're trying to go off grid, you'll probably be doing some modifications, but after-market upgrades are certainly available. Typical fuel economy is around 10 MPG. Expect to pay at least $70k (up to half a million) for a new rig, but an older, used, Class-A can be found for under $20,000. Typically, 4-6 people can comfortably live in the space.
A Class B is essentially a Sprinter or Transit Van without having to do the Build yourself (and a little extra room). The factory has come up with ingenious ways to cram a lot into a small space on these, but they tend to be less popular than the others for Vanlife. Again, older units will likely have Black Water Toilets, and be a little short on RV Solar, but some after market mods are available. Average MPG is around 20, and they sleep 2 comfortably, with possibilities for the occasional house guest. New pricing is similar, though slightly less than Class-A Models, and used B-Class rigs are hard to find under $20 Grand (which is also to say that they hold their value).
Class-C models are sort of the best of both worlds. They're bigger on space than Class-B units, provide lots more options for upgrades and modifications, and are substantially less expensive, in fact, while you could spend $30,000-$100,000 on a New one, if you are comfortable with a 30 year old Class-C (and they are plentiful) you can pick one up for $5k or less from a dealer (notably less from an individual). Bear in mind that the interior construction on most older RVs is very cheap and likely won't stand up for long. They were designed for weekend getaways, not Full Time RV Living. In fact, many people buy an older C-Class, gut the inside, and do a custom build on the frame and body. You can expect around 12-14 MPG, and comfortable living space for 2-4 (6 if they really like each other).
Camp Trailers and Fifth Wheel Trailers come in all shapes and sizes, from those cute little Tear Drop Trailers to giant Fifth Wheels of 40' or more. The size and weight will directly affect what you spend on fuel hauling it around. Also, a truck to tow a Fifth Wheel (if you don't already have one) will likely set you back much more than buying a used B or C Class RV. Additionally, they present their own set of driving and parking issues. To be honest, our biggest fear with these is that someone could hook up and steal your whole house while you're away. Not that they couldn't hot-wire your Bus or RV, but the risk is higher with a trailer. The cost point on these can be much lower than an RV, and they do present configuration options that are arguably superior to other vehicle choices.
Truck Bed Camper? No, Really! Every year this option seems to be more and more popular. It's actually plenty of space for a single person or couple without much baggage (in both senses of the word), and if you already own a pickup truck this is absolutely your cheapest and fastest way to get on the road. We see these advertised for $2000 or less (used) all day and night, and new units, some even with a shower, can be found for under $10,000. Think about it. If you're considering a Cargo Van Build, this will actually give you more room, and you can stand up inside! Granted, they're not the most beautiful or prestigious looking option, but they fit neatly and easily into a single parking spot, and if you Stealth Camp on a neighborhood street, people will just think someone's “Old Uncle Bob” is in town for a visit.
Pros of buying an existing RV: Usually set up and Road Ready. Quickest way out of town. Dealer financing may be available. Warranty on newer units, but read the fine print (“recreational use only”).
Cons: New RVs are Expensive. Older units are typically poorly constructed, often full of mold, and may even pose other safety risks (see below). Not really designed for Full Time RV Living, you'll have to deal with the factory configuration until you can upgrade or change rigs.
*A few words about Buying Used RVs: Sometimes people are just in need of extra cash, haven't been camping in years, and just want “ol' Bessie” out of their driveway. Sometimes it's more than that. Be very careful when buying an older RV. They are notorious for leaks, mold, and sometimes even rodents. Also, the stock propane refrigerators and furnaces (especially from the 80s and 90s) can present a risk of fire. Crawl underneath. Look behind or under anything you can look behind or under, and remember, “If it's too good to be true...” Yeah... There's a reason.
Building your own Skoolie!!!:
Full Disclosure – Skoolies are our obvious favorite (check the name of the website). A School Bus is like a blank canvas. If you've watched as many Bus Tours as we have, they might start to look kind of the same after awhile, but there are actually limitless options. (You have to dig pretty deep into YouTube to see the really cool stuff.) Whether you go with a Flat Nose, Full Length Conventional, Mid-Size, or Short Bus Conversion, you have more choices on how you create your space (including the roof). Also, the solid steel construction makes them virtually indestructible. (School Buses are designed to withstand hurricane force winds.) That being said, they are not for everyone. If you're over about 6'1” tall, you'll find standing up in parts of your bus to be a challenge (hence so many “roof-raise” Builds). Also, there's no passenger seat. You'll either have to rough one in next to the driver's seat, or your partner will ride behind you. They can also be pretty noisy when going down the road. Casual conversation while driving can be problematic. Lengths can vary from around 20' to 45' overall, and your mileage can be from around 14 MPG down to 8 Miles Per Gallon. You can buy them at Auction, from a Dealer or individual, and sometimes directly from the school district. Prices range from around $3000 to well over $15,000 depending on age, condition, and the region of the country. A Full Size Skoolie Conversion can easily accommodate a family of 4, even 6, and a Short Bus Conversion works great for a couple, even with a kiddo and a dog.
Choosing your size should be based on how many people and how much space you need, but also on your comfort level driving a long vehicle, and the difficulty getting in and out parking lots and parks. There isn't much room for Stealth Camping here, and you need to take extra care if you plan to tow a car behind.
Pros: The most design options. Solid Steel Body and Frame. Plenty of Windows! Reliable.
Cons: Difficult for some to drive. Noisy. No Passenger Seat. May require a CDL-B in some states until “converted”.
*There are a few who convert City Transit Buses. We shy away from this option, but if you stumble upon a great deal on one, why not? They tend to be cumbersome to drive and often aren't really designed for freeway speed, but they do offer slightly more room than a standard Skoolie.
Airport Shuttle Bus Conversion:
Another vehicle that is gaining popularity, Shuttle Buses offer more headroom with less vehicle weight (thus, better mileage, est. 12-14 MPG). They are a little more nimble, and a slightly easier to drive. Again, many won't have a passenger seat, but it is an optional feature (roughly one in ten by our count). Many Shuttle Buses come with a wheelchair lift that offers some unique design possibilities and, like Skoolies, they have plenty of windows to bring the outside in. They fit into tighter spaces, as most are under 28' in length (23' for the 14 passenger models). They also offer slightly more interior space to work with, and the corners are more square, which means standard furniture and fixtures are easier to fit. There are several different applications and configurations so they tend to be very adaptable. Be sure to check underneath as sometimes the floor (and interior walls) are pretty cheaply constructed. It’s relatively easy to replace them, but do you due diligence before you start your Build. 2 adults can live comfortably, and adding a couple of kids to the mix isn't insurmountable. Prices vary but we've seen decent units at Auction go as low as $2500, and several on Dealer lots for around $7-8 Grand.
Pros: Easier to Drive. Easy to Convert. Good Space to work with. Lightweight and Nimble. Lots of Windows.
Cons: Interior Construction can be cheap. Repairing body damage (fiberglass) can be tricky. You’ll need to Brace yourself for the “Turtle Jokes” (or just paint it green and go with it).
Cargo Van Conversion:
This may be the cheapest and easiest Build/Vehicle combination you will find. You'll also find it is the least expensive to Insure, Maintain, and to Park or Camp. Many contractors use Cargo Vans, and are selling them off (often to buy a Transit or Promaster). This means that a used Van can sometimes be picked up for $2000 or less. You can pay up $20k or more for a newer rig, but financing is usually available at the Dealer. You probably can't stand up inside, but the Stealth Camping options are boundless. You can find them with windows or without, and while the Build Design options are very limited, it can be quite cozy and serviceable for 1 or 2 people. You're going to be showering outside, and likely won't have walls around your toilet, but even using high-end materials, you're Build will be relatively cheap. Mileage can range from 12-16 MPG depending on weight and Engine choice.
*Westfalia and VW Bus Conversions fit into this category as well. The price on these will be notably higher than an old Cargo Van, due to popularity, but if you have the cash they are certainly an option.
Pros: Inexpensive. Stealth Camp to your heart's content. Very easy to Drive. Cheap to Maintain.
Cons: Not much for Privacy. Limited Space. Can't Stand Up Inside.
Transit or Sprinter Van Conversion (Promaster too):
We've reached the Darling of the Full Time Nomad World. “Vanlife” has it's own mindset, rules, and gatherings. You're essentially Building your own Class-B RV, and usually doing it much better than the factory does. This is pretty much the smallest vehicle that will allow you to stand up, stretch out, and have a full Shower and Toilet inside, while still leaving room for a functional Kitchen.
It offers great Stealth Camping Options, drives like a car, and can be perfect for both boondocking and Full Hookup RV Sites. The gutted box is very easy to convert, and the flat roof makes it easy to install Solar, Fans and Vents, Extra Storage, and maybe even a Rooftop Deck.
The downside? -They ain't Cheap! It's difficult to find a used ProMaster, Sprinter or Transit for under $25,000, and new units will just plain give most of us sticker shock. To be fair, the fact that you never actually have to pay for Camping could make up a lot of that expense over time, and the ease and piece of mind operating one of these rigs may be invaluable in and of itself. They can get upwards of 20 MPG from the factory, but that could drop as low as 14-16 Miles Per Gallon after being fully converted. 2 people can live quite comfortably, and, if you don't mind bunk beds, the kids can sleep up top.
Pros: Functional Space. Easy to Convert. Easy to Stealth Camp. Easy to Drive. Versatile. Well Constructed.
Cons: Very Expensive. Can still feel “cramped”. Somewhat Limited Build Design Options.
Box Van Conversion:
Call them “Box Trucks”, “Cube Vans” “Panel Vans” or even “U-Haul”, many people go this route due to the ease of construction, and the initial cost of the rig. Like a Bus, a Box Van is a blank slate, offering a Build Area with usually an 8' width, 12-24 feet length, and often enough height to even consider a Loft. You'll be adding any windows and doors that you want, but may choose to keep it “dark” to aid in Stealth Camping. There is rarely a “Pass Through” to access the cab from the living space, but that opens up design options not available in other vehicles. While the design of a Box Van means a large step up from the ground, it also opens up several options for mounting Batteries, Extra Storage, and Water Tanks underneath. You can also get creative with the lift gate if it's still installed (Instant Patio!). It is common to build a wall behind the roll up door to make it look more homey when camping, and still maintain Stealth when parked in town. They get relatively good Mileage (12-14 MPG). The prices seem to be similar to a used School Bus, and 2-6 people could feasibly occupy the space.
*We include FedEx, UPS, USPS, and “Bread Trucks” in this category. The key difference is that they do have a door from the cab to the box, as well as steps down from the cab to the ground.
Pros: Cheap and Easy to Convert. Great for Stealth Camping. Surprisingly easy to Drive.
Cons: No Windows. Not so Great to look at. Maintenance cost can be high.
Build your own Tiny House on Wheels?: Yes. You can do that. You can build a Tiny House on a Trailer or Truck Frame. They’re designed to be parked for long periods, though, so the only argument for a Full Time Nomad would be if you had a very specific design in mind and/or already owned something to build it on. Tiny House Living is Awesome, and many of the products on our site work great for that lifestyle, but it's not really what we're about, so do your research and check out this book on the topic. Best of Luck!
A Final Thought about Engines: The debate will almost always be “Gas or Diesel”. While this may not be the deciding factor on your purchase, it is worth noting that Diesel Engines are typically stronger, more reliable, and designed to last. Alternately, the Gas V-10 engines, while popular in many of the rigs we've discussed, do not have the best reputation. You can certainly run a Gas engine (even a V-10) and do fine with it. Diesel engines are louder, and present fewer options for fueling and maintenance, and Diesel Fuel is often more expensive than Regular Unleaded. There are even arguments about which make of Diesel Engine is the best (our mechanic swears by Caterpillar). In the end, it isn't a deal-breaker. If you fall in love with a rig that has a Gas Engine, you’ll be just fine, but if choosing between two Buses, and all other things are equal, picking the Diesel is usually the safer choice.
Let’s turn the key and Hit The Road!
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